Deformity correction is a specialized field within orthopedics, it is a surgical procedure that helps in straightening a bone that is bent or twisted abnormally, resulting in diseases or conditions such as bowlegs or knock knees. Corrective surgery may also be utilized for conditions in which the hands, fingers, arms, legs, knees, or ankles grow at incorrect lengths. There are two types of corrections, acute correction which means surgery is done in a single attempt, and gradual correction which means the procedure takes over the course of several weeks and months.
Bone deformities cause immense pain, and discomfort. The blood flow disconnects with the functioning of the bone. Bone deformities can happen for several reasons congenital, abnormal growth during childhood, and post-traumatic situations causing fractures. Certainly, there are four ways to bone deformations, they are a bend in the bone, a twist in the bone, a shift in the position of the bone after a fracture, and limb length discrepancy.
Different types of deformity corrections
Precisely, there are many different types of orthopedic deformity corrects that need treatment and surgery. Some of them are;
Cubitus valgus – is also known as the turned-out elbow or gunstock deformity. It is a deformity, in which the forearm is angled out away from the body when the arm is fully extended. When this deformity affects both arms, it is known as cubitus valgus bilateral. It is diagnosed as cubitus valgus when the angle is between 3-29 degrees, this is generally seen in the women. Possibly, there are two causes for cubitus valgus they are congenital conditions like Turner syndrome and Noonan syndrome or a fracture. Symptoms include limited motion of the affected elbow, difficulty in extending the elbow fully or bending it, discomfort, and pain in the region.
Swan-neck deformity – medically termed as Boutonniere deformity, that affects the fingers. It occurs when the joints in the fingers are in unusual positions because of any health condition or injury. Swan neck deformity causes pain at times, as there will be limited use for the fingers. For this deformity, there are surgical and non-surgical options available. They depend on the severity of the condition. The finger parts that are affected by this deformity are phalanges, the ones that are above the knuckles, tendons, and ligaments. This deformity can be caused by rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy, stroke, Parkinson's disease, trauma to the hand, and scleroderma. The symptoms include finger bending, joint pain, and finger deformity.
Popeye deformity – When a tendon in the biceps muscle tears, the muscle can contrast and create a sizable, painful lump on the upper arm. This is called Popeye deformity. The main cause for this deformity is overuse of the muscle, repetitive motion of the biceps, sports injuries, and injury from the fall. The symptoms include hearing the pop sound, sudden sharp pain, bruising, soreness, and tenderness in the arm, cramping, difficulty turning, and muscle spasms. The risk can increase deformity by smoking, corticosteroids, anabolic steroids, tendinopathy, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Hammertoe – a toe condition that curses inside without being straightforward. This deformity makes walking uncomfortable. The most affected toes are the second and third toes. It can be congenital but sometimes a person can be affected because of certain conditions such as arthritis, or wearing shoes of smaller sizes. It is not an uncurable deformity condition. Causes for hammer toe include a traumatic injury, arthritis, tightening ligaments or tendons in the foot. Risk factors can be a family history, chronically wearing high heels or tight shoes, etc.